CVE-2026-86425: split a copy of the image list at the first NULL:
image in the PerlMagick Layers method to prevent a heap use-after-free
CVE-2026-86423: clone every image that appears more than once in a
PerlMagick image list, not only adjacent repeats, so the same image is
never linked into a list twice
CVE-2026-86424: open the delegate output file without following
symbolic links and check the write policy again after opening it, to
prevent a symlink race from bypassing the path policy
CVE-2026-34238: check the despeckle buffer size for integer overflow
to prevent a heap buffer overflow on 32-bit systems