CVE-2025-40123

Our fuzzer tool discovered an uninitialized pointer issue in the bpfprogtestrunxdp() function within the Linux kernel's BPF subsystem. This leads to a NULL pointer dereference when a BPF program attempts to deference the txq member of struct xdp_buff object.

The test initializes two programs of BPFPROGTYPEXDP: progA acts as the entry point for bpfprogtestrunxdp() and its expectedattachtype can neither be of be BPFXDPDEVMAP nor BPFXDPCPUMAP. progA calls into a slot of a tailcall map it owns. progB's expectedattachtype must be BPFXDPDEVMAP to pass xdpisvalidaccess() validation. The program returns struct xdpmd's egressifindex, and the latter is only allowed to be accessed under mentioned expectedattachtype. progB is then inserted into the tailcall which progA calls.

The underlying issue goes beyond XDP though. Another example are programs of type BPFPROGTYPECGROUPSOCKADDR. sockaddrisvalidaccess() as well as sockaddrfuncproto() have different logic depending on the programs' expectedattachtype. Similarly, a program attached to BPFCGROUPINET4GETPEERNAME should not be allowed doing a tailcall into a program which calls bpfbind() out of BPF which is only enabled for BPFCGROUPINET4_CONNECT.

In short, specifying expectedattachtype allows to open up additional functionality or restrictions beyond what the basic bpfprogtype enables. The use of tailcalls must not violate these constraints. Fix it by enforcing expectedattachtype in _bpfprogmapcompatible().

Note that we only enforce this for tailcall maps, but not for BPF devmaps or cpumaps: There, the programs are invoked through devmapbpfprogrun() and cpu_map_bpf_prog_run() which set up a new environment / context and therefore these situations are not prone to this issue.

References

Affected packages

Git / git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git

Affected ranges

Type: GIT
Repo: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Events: Introduced

5e43f899b03a3492ce5fc44e8900becb04dae9c0

Fixed

a99de19128aec0913f3d529f529fbbff5edfaff8

Type: GIT
Repo: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Events: Introduced

5e43f899b03a3492ce5fc44e8900becb04dae9c0

Fixed

08cb3dc9d2b44f153d0bcf2cb966e4a94b5d0f32

Type: GIT
Repo: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Events: Introduced

5e43f899b03a3492ce5fc44e8900becb04dae9c0

Fixed

f856c598080ba7ce1252867b8ecd6ad5bdaf9a6a

Type: GIT
Repo: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Events: Introduced

5e43f899b03a3492ce5fc44e8900becb04dae9c0

Fixed

c1ad19b5d8e23123503dcaf2d4342e1b90b923ad

Type: GIT
Repo: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Events: Introduced

5e43f899b03a3492ce5fc44e8900becb04dae9c0

Fixed

4540aed51b12bc13364149bf95f6ecef013197c0

Affected versions

v4.*

v4.16

v4.16-rc7

v4.17

v4.17-rc1

v4.17-rc2

v4.17-rc3

v4.17-rc4

v4.17-rc5

v4.17-rc6

v4.17-rc7

v4.18

v4.18-rc1

v4.18-rc2

v4.18-rc3

v4.18-rc4

v4.18-rc5

v4.18-rc6

v4.18-rc7

v4.18-rc8

v4.19

v4.19-rc1

v4.19-rc2

v4.19-rc3

v4.19-rc4

v4.19-rc5

v4.19-rc6

v4.19-rc7

v4.19-rc8

v4.20

v4.20-rc1

v4.20-rc2

v4.20-rc3

v4.20-rc4

v4.20-rc5

v4.20-rc6

v4.20-rc7

v5.*

v5.0

v5.0-rc1

v5.0-rc2

v5.0-rc3

v5.0-rc4

v5.0-rc5

v5.0-rc6

v5.0-rc7

v5.0-rc8

v5.1

v5.1-rc1

v5.1-rc2

v5.1-rc3

v5.1-rc4

v5.1-rc5

v5.1-rc6

v5.1-rc7

v5.10

v5.10-rc1

v5.10-rc2

v5.10-rc3

v5.10-rc4

v5.10-rc5

v5.10-rc6

v5.10-rc7

v5.11

v5.11-rc1

v5.11-rc2

v5.11-rc3

v5.11-rc4

v5.11-rc5

v5.11-rc6

v5.11-rc7

v5.12

v5.12-rc1

v5.12-rc1-dontuse

v5.12-rc2

v5.12-rc3

v5.12-rc4

v5.12-rc5

v5.12-rc6

v5.12-rc7

v5.12-rc8

v5.13

v5.13-rc1

v5.13-rc2

v5.13-rc3

v5.13-rc4

v5.13-rc5

v5.13-rc6

v5.13-rc7

v5.14

v5.14-rc1

v5.14-rc2

v5.14-rc3

v5.14-rc4

v5.14-rc5

v5.14-rc6

v5.14-rc7

v5.15

v5.15-rc1

v5.15-rc2

v5.15-rc3

v5.15-rc4

v5.15-rc5

v5.15-rc6

v5.15-rc7

v5.16

v5.16-rc1

v5.16-rc2

v5.16-rc3

v5.16-rc4

v5.16-rc5

v5.16-rc6

v5.16-rc7

v5.16-rc8

v5.17

v5.17-rc1

v5.17-rc2

v5.17-rc3

v5.17-rc4

v5.17-rc5

v5.17-rc6

v5.17-rc7

v5.17-rc8

v5.18

v5.18-rc1

v5.18-rc2

v5.18-rc3

v5.18-rc4

v5.18-rc5

v5.18-rc6

v5.18-rc7

v5.19

v5.19-rc1

v5.19-rc2

v5.19-rc3

v5.19-rc4

v5.19-rc5

v5.19-rc6

v5.19-rc7

v5.19-rc8

v5.2

v5.2-rc1

v5.2-rc2

v5.2-rc3

v5.2-rc4

v5.2-rc5

v5.2-rc6

v5.2-rc7

v5.3

v5.3-rc1

v5.3-rc2

v5.3-rc3

v5.3-rc4

v5.3-rc5

v5.3-rc6

v5.3-rc7

v5.3-rc8

v5.4

v5.4-rc1

v5.4-rc2

v5.4-rc3

v5.4-rc4

v5.4-rc5

v5.4-rc6

v5.4-rc7

v5.4-rc8

v5.5

v5.5-rc1

v5.5-rc2

v5.5-rc3

v5.5-rc4

v5.5-rc5

v5.5-rc6

v5.5-rc7

v5.6

v5.6-rc1

v5.6-rc2

v5.6-rc3

v5.6-rc4

v5.6-rc5

v5.6-rc6

v5.6-rc7

v5.7

v5.7-rc1

v5.7-rc2

v5.7-rc3

v5.7-rc4

v5.7-rc5

v5.7-rc6

v5.7-rc7

v5.8

v5.8-rc1

v5.8-rc2

v5.8-rc3

v5.8-rc4

v5.8-rc5

v5.8-rc6

v5.8-rc7

v5.9

v5.9-rc1

v5.9-rc2

v5.9-rc3

v5.9-rc4

v5.9-rc5

v5.9-rc6

v5.9-rc7

v5.9-rc8

v6.*

v6.0

v6.0-rc1

v6.0-rc2

v6.0-rc3

v6.0-rc4

v6.0-rc5

v6.0-rc6

v6.0-rc7

v6.1

v6.1-rc1

v6.1-rc2

v6.1-rc3

v6.1-rc4

v6.1-rc5

v6.1-rc6

v6.1-rc7

v6.1-rc8

v6.1.1

v6.1.10

v6.1.100

v6.1.101

v6.1.102

v6.1.103

v6.1.104

v6.1.105

v6.1.106

v6.1.107

v6.1.108

v6.1.109

v6.1.11

v6.1.110

v6.1.111

v6.1.112

v6.1.113

v6.1.114

v6.1.115

v6.1.116

v6.1.117

v6.1.118

v6.1.119

v6.1.12

v6.1.120

v6.1.121

v6.1.122

v6.1.123

v6.1.124

v6.1.125

v6.1.126

v6.1.127

v6.1.128

v6.1.129

v6.1.13

v6.1.130

v6.1.131

v6.1.132

v6.1.133

v6.1.134

v6.1.135

v6.1.136

v6.1.137

v6.1.138

v6.1.139

v6.1.14

v6.1.140

v6.1.141

v6.1.142

v6.1.143

v6.1.144

v6.1.145

v6.1.146

v6.1.147

v6.1.148

v6.1.149

v6.1.15

v6.1.150

v6.1.151

v6.1.152

v6.1.153

v6.1.154

v6.1.155

v6.1.16

v6.1.17

v6.1.18

v6.1.19

v6.1.2

v6.1.20

v6.1.21

v6.1.22

v6.1.23

v6.1.24

v6.1.25

v6.1.26

v6.1.27

v6.1.28

v6.1.29

v6.1.3

v6.1.30

v6.1.31

v6.1.32

v6.1.33

v6.1.34

v6.1.35

v6.1.36

v6.1.37

v6.1.38

v6.1.39

v6.1.4

v6.1.40

v6.1.41

v6.1.42

v6.1.43

v6.1.44

v6.1.45

v6.1.46

v6.1.47

v6.1.48

v6.1.49

v6.1.5

v6.1.50

v6.1.51

v6.1.52

v6.1.53

v6.1.54

v6.1.55

v6.1.56

v6.1.57

v6.1.58

v6.1.59

v6.1.6

v6.1.60

v6.1.61

v6.1.62

v6.1.63

v6.1.64

v6.1.65

v6.1.66

v6.1.67

v6.1.68

v6.1.69

v6.1.7

v6.1.70

v6.1.71

v6.1.72

v6.1.73

v6.1.74

v6.1.75

v6.1.76

v6.1.77

v6.1.78

v6.1.79

v6.1.8

v6.1.80

v6.1.81

v6.1.82

v6.1.83

v6.1.84

v6.1.85

v6.1.86

v6.1.87

v6.1.88

v6.1.89

v6.1.9

v6.1.90

v6.1.91

v6.1.92

v6.1.93

v6.1.94

v6.1.95

v6.1.96

v6.1.97

v6.1.98

v6.1.99

v6.10

v6.10-rc1

v6.10-rc2

v6.10-rc3

v6.10-rc4

v6.10-rc5

v6.10-rc6

v6.10-rc7

v6.11

v6.11-rc1

v6.11-rc2

v6.11-rc3

v6.11-rc4

v6.11-rc5

v6.11-rc6

v6.11-rc7

v6.12

v6.12-rc1

v6.12-rc2

v6.12-rc3

v6.12-rc4

v6.12-rc5

v6.12-rc6

v6.12-rc7

v6.12.1

v6.12.10

v6.12.11

v6.12.12

v6.12.13

v6.12.14

v6.12.15

v6.12.16

v6.12.17

v6.12.18

v6.12.19

v6.12.2

v6.12.20

v6.12.21

v6.12.22

v6.12.23

v6.12.24

v6.12.25

v6.12.26

v6.12.27

v6.12.28

v6.12.29

v6.12.3

v6.12.30

v6.12.31

v6.12.32

v6.12.33

v6.12.34

v6.12.35

v6.12.36

v6.12.37

v6.12.38

v6.12.39

v6.12.4

v6.12.40

v6.12.41

v6.12.42

v6.12.43

v6.12.44

v6.12.45

v6.12.46

v6.12.47

v6.12.48

v6.12.49

v6.12.5

v6.12.50

v6.12.51

v6.12.52

v6.12.6

v6.12.7

v6.12.8

v6.12.9

v6.13

v6.13-rc1

v6.13-rc2

v6.13-rc3

v6.13-rc4

v6.13-rc5

v6.13-rc6

v6.13-rc7

v6.14

v6.14-rc1

v6.14-rc2

v6.14-rc3

v6.14-rc4

v6.14-rc5

v6.14-rc6

v6.14-rc7

v6.15

v6.15-rc1

v6.15-rc2

v6.15-rc3

v6.15-rc4

v6.15-rc5

v6.15-rc6

v6.15-rc7

v6.16

v6.16-rc1

v6.16-rc2

v6.16-rc3

v6.16-rc4

v6.16-rc5

v6.16-rc6

v6.16-rc7

v6.17

v6.17-rc1

v6.17-rc2

v6.17-rc3

v6.17-rc4

v6.17-rc5

v6.17-rc6

v6.17-rc7

v6.17.1

v6.17.2

v6.2

v6.2-rc1

v6.2-rc2

v6.2-rc3

v6.2-rc4

v6.2-rc5

v6.2-rc6

v6.2-rc7

v6.2-rc8

v6.3

v6.3-rc1

v6.3-rc2

v6.3-rc3

v6.3-rc4

v6.3-rc5

v6.3-rc6

v6.3-rc7

v6.4

v6.4-rc1

v6.4-rc2

v6.4-rc3

v6.4-rc4

v6.4-rc5

v6.4-rc6

v6.4-rc7

v6.5

v6.5-rc1

v6.5-rc2

v6.5-rc3

v6.5-rc4

v6.5-rc5

v6.5-rc6

v6.5-rc7

v6.6

v6.6-rc1

v6.6-rc2

v6.6-rc3

v6.6-rc4

v6.6-rc5

v6.6-rc6

v6.6-rc7

v6.6.1

v6.6.10

v6.6.100

v6.6.101

v6.6.102

v6.6.103

v6.6.104

v6.6.105

v6.6.106

v6.6.107

v6.6.108

v6.6.109

v6.6.11

v6.6.110

v6.6.111

v6.6.12

v6.6.13

v6.6.14

v6.6.15

v6.6.16

v6.6.17

v6.6.18

v6.6.19

v6.6.2

v6.6.20

v6.6.21

v6.6.22

v6.6.23

v6.6.24

v6.6.25

v6.6.26

v6.6.27

v6.6.28

v6.6.29

v6.6.3

v6.6.30

v6.6.31

v6.6.32

v6.6.33

v6.6.34

v6.6.35

v6.6.36

v6.6.37

v6.6.38

v6.6.39

v6.6.4

v6.6.40

v6.6.41

v6.6.42

v6.6.43

v6.6.44

v6.6.45

v6.6.46

v6.6.47

v6.6.48

v6.6.49

v6.6.5

v6.6.50

v6.6.51

v6.6.52

v6.6.53

v6.6.54

v6.6.55

v6.6.56

v6.6.57

v6.6.58

v6.6.59

v6.6.6

v6.6.60

v6.6.61

v6.6.62

v6.6.63

v6.6.64

v6.6.65

v6.6.66

v6.6.67

v6.6.68

v6.6.69

v6.6.7

v6.6.70

v6.6.71

v6.6.72

v6.6.73

v6.6.74

v6.6.75

v6.6.76

v6.6.77

v6.6.78

v6.6.79

v6.6.8

v6.6.80

v6.6.81

v6.6.82

v6.6.83

v6.6.84

v6.6.85

v6.6.86

v6.6.87

v6.6.88

v6.6.89

v6.6.9

v6.6.90

v6.6.91

v6.6.92

v6.6.93

v6.6.94

v6.6.95

v6.6.96

v6.6.97

v6.6.98

v6.6.99

v6.7

v6.7-rc1

v6.7-rc2

v6.7-rc3

v6.7-rc4

v6.7-rc5

v6.7-rc6

v6.7-rc7

v6.7-rc8

v6.8

v6.8-rc1

v6.8-rc2

v6.8-rc3

v6.8-rc4

v6.8-rc5

v6.8-rc6

v6.8-rc7

v6.9

v6.9-rc1

v6.9-rc2

v6.9-rc3

v6.9-rc4

v6.9-rc5

v6.9-rc6

v6.9-rc7

Database specific

vanir_signatures

[
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        "id": "CVE-2025-40123-2e47ea2b",
        "signature_type": "Line",
        "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git@a99de19128aec0913f3d529f529fbbff5edfaff8",
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    },
    {
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        "target": {
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            "line_hashes": [
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        "id": "CVE-2025-40123-4b2e56ca",
        "signature_type": "Line",
        "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git@4540aed51b12bc13364149bf95f6ecef013197c0",
        "signature_version": "v1"
    },
    {
        "deprecated": false,
        "target": {
            "file": "kernel/bpf/core.c",
            "function": "__bpf_prog_map_compatible"
        },
        "digest": {
            "length": 1389.0,
            "function_hash": "288816450732625747216389012155027779725"
        },
        "id": "CVE-2025-40123-4ce29a45",
        "signature_type": "Function",
        "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git@f856c598080ba7ce1252867b8ecd6ad5bdaf9a6a",
        "signature_version": "v1"
    },
    {
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        },
        "id": "CVE-2025-40123-51ffd8a1",
        "signature_type": "Line",
        "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git@08cb3dc9d2b44f153d0bcf2cb966e4a94b5d0f32",
        "signature_version": "v1"
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Linux / Kernel

Package

Name: Kernel

Affected ranges

Type: ECOSYSTEM
Events: Introduced

4.17.0

Fixed

6.1.156

Type: ECOSYSTEM
Events: Introduced

6.2.0

Fixed

6.6.112

Type: ECOSYSTEM
Events: Introduced

6.7.0

Fixed

6.12.53

Type: ECOSYSTEM
Events: Introduced

6.13.0

Fixed

6.17.3