Cpanel::JSON::XS versions from 4.33 before 4.80 for Perl accept malformed UTF-8 in bare hash keys under allow_barekey in decode_hv.
With utf8 and allow_barekey, which relaxed enables, a quoted key is validated as UTF-8 but a bare key's bytes are stored as a UTF-8 flagged string without any check. Malformed UTF-8, control bytes and backslashes reach the decoded hash, while malformed UTF-8 and control bytes in a quoted key or a value are rejected.
Later operations on the key, including lc, uc or encoding the hash again, die with a malformed UTF-8 error.
{
"cna_assigner": "CPANSec",
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1286"
],
"osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/110xxx/CVE-2026-110675.json"
}