For deployments using MySQL or MariaDB < 11.6.2 (or newer with innodbsnapshotisolation=off) reusage of token values might be possible due to faulty transaction isolation inside the database. Exploiting this requires racing this transaction. Affected are all tokentypes whose values are only supposed to be used once, for example TOTP, HOTP and likely also WebAuthN.
Fixed in version 2.9.1 by locking rows prior to write with SELECT FOR UPDATE.
Set innodbsnapshotisolation to ON (default in MariaDB >= 11.6.2, e.g packaged in Debian 13).
https://mariadb.com/resources/blog/isolation-level-violation-testing-and-debugging-in-mariadb/
{
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-18T15:36:18Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH",
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
]
}