MAL-2026-17590

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Import Source
https://github.com/ossf/malicious-packages/blob/main/osv/malicious/rubygems/coinmarket-utils/MAL-2026-17590.json
JSON Data
https://api.osv.dev/v1/vulns/MAL-2026-17590
Published
2026-10-05T07:15:34Z
Modified
2026-10-06T01:00:17Z
Summary
Malicious code in coinmarket-utils (RubyGems)
Details

RubyGems runs this gem's native extension script ext/coinmarket-utils/extconf.rb during gem install. The script exits without action on CI runners and sandboxes, based on CI environment variables, the hostname, the username and the working directory. It continues if the system uptime is over 30 minutes and the home directory holds .ssh, .gitconfig, .npmrc, .gem/credentials or .bundle. It then decodes a Base64 Ruby payload and forks twice into a detached process. After 20 to 40 minutes the payload downloads http://45.138.12.177:8092/wgkit.tar.gz to /tmp/.w1.tgz with curl, extracts it to /tmp/.w1/, runs wg_install.sh with bash and deletes both. The payload stores the URL XOR-encoded with the key usv\x9a. The Ruby code in lib/ is a decoy. The RubyGems account reqthrottle_3474 published this gem and 41 others with the same loader on 2026-10-05.

-= Per source details. Do not edit below this line.=-

Source: amazon-inspector (7ace1863ec858e5931ba2848276c14fb050fff204b2fbea82e2f64ae3f9a0ffc)

The gem's native extension build script ext/coinmarket-utils/extconf.rb contains a base64-encoded Ruby payload that is decoded and eval'd inside a double-forked, setsid, FD-detached child process at gem install time. The payload XOR-decodes a hardcoded destination URL (http://45.138.12.177:8092/wgkit.tar.gz) from a hex blob, shells out to curl to download the tarball to /tmp/.w1.tgz, extracts it to /tmp/.w1, and executes wg_install.sh via bash. Execution is gated by sandbox-evasion checks that skip CI environments, ephemeral VMs, analysis paths, generated usernames, and hosts with uptime under 30 minutes, and that require developer artifacts (~/.ssh, ~/.gitconfig, ~/.npmrc, ~/.gem/credentials, ~/.bundle) to be present on disk — firing only on real developer workstations. The accompanying C source ext/coinmarket-utils/coinmarket-utils.c is an empty stub (Init_CoinmarketUtils(void) {}) with no real native code to compile, and the lib entry only returns a hardcoded wordlist; the native extension exists solely to cause extconf.rb to run on install. Combined fingerprints: install-time fetch-and-execute from a hardcoded bare-IP C2 on a non-standard port, multi-layer obfuscation (base64 + XOR + eval), process detachment to orphan the dropper from the install process, developer-workstation targeting with explicit sandbox evasion, and a cover-story extension with no legitimate build purpose.

Source: ossf-package-analysis (3c0f653b2981a3c26b65cd1492b5082ba6b0d689d6280abae391cc260ac88b8b)

The OpenSSF Package Analysis project identified 'coinmarket-utils' @ 1.0.0 (rubygems) as malicious.

It is considered malicious because:

  • The package executes one or more commands associated with malicious behavior.
Database specific 
{
    "iocs":  {
        "files":  [
            {
                "digests":  {
                    "sha256":  "e3b5ab92539635406020e682f27e78369fe2ddb6133ce2fd672b88c6a132f56d"
                },
                "note":  "Native extension script that RubyGems runs at install time. It gates on the environment and starts the payload.",
                "paths":  [
                    "ext/coinmarket-utils/extconf.rb"
                ],
                "source":  "PACKAGE_ARCHIVE"
            },
            {
                "note":  "Second-stage archive and install script downloaded and run by the payload.",
                "paths":  [
                    "/tmp/.w1.tgz",
                    "/tmp/.w1/wg_install.sh"
                ],
                "source":  "DROPPED"
            }
        ],
        "ips":  [
            "45.138.12.177"
        ],
        "urls":  [
            "http://45.138.12.177:8092/wgkit.tar.gz"
        ]
    },
    "malicious-packages-origins":  [
        {
            "id":  "IN-MAL-2026-021063",
            "import_time":  "2026-10-05T16:22:55.846725424Z",
            "modified_time":  "2026-10-05T15:58:49Z",
            "sha256":  "7ace1863ec858e5931ba2848276c14fb050fff204b2fbea82e2f64ae3f9a0ffc",
            "source":  "amazon-inspector",
            "versions":  [
                "1.0.0"
            ]
        },
        {
            "import_time":  "2026-10-06T00:50:51.489741782Z",
            "modified_time":  "2026-10-05T07:15:34Z",
            "sha256":  "3c0f653b2981a3c26b65cd1492b5082ba6b0d689d6280abae391cc260ac88b8b",
            "source":  "ossf-package-analysis",
            "versions":  [
                "1.0.0"
            ]
        }
    ]
}
References
Credits

Affected packages

RubyGems / coinmarket-utils

Package

Name
coinmarket-utils
Purl
pkg:gem/coinmarket-utils

Affected ranges

Type
ECOSYSTEM
Events
Introduced
0 Unknown introduced version / All previous versions are affected

Affected versions

1.*
1.0.0

Database specific

cwes 
[
    {
        "cweId":  "CWE-506",
        "description":  "The product contains code that appears to be malicious in nature.",
        "name":  "Embedded Malicious Code"
    },
    {
        "cweId":  "CWE-506",
        "description":  "The product contains code that appears to be malicious in nature.",
        "name":  "Embedded Malicious Code"
    }
]
indicators 
{
    "evidence_files":  [
        {
            "path":  "ext/coinmarket-utils/extconf.rb",
            "sha256":  "e3b5ab92539635406020e682f27e78369fe2ddb6133ce2fd672b88c6a132f56d",
            "tlsh":  "a551ba568b8395f54db1d0d044395412fb667b0d6068ad64f3de0868ab5af2ac4f02fd"
        },
        {
            "path":  "ext/coinmarket-utils/coinmarket-utils.c",
            "sha256":  "718cc42c3c53f2cf795c0e5785366239d7062cb11cfd39a6b27ed94f0f415f9c",
            "tlsh":  "9a900295c57958c15004a3e65339464954d0b5140d697655aa0311d1a5e02a43d66a70"
        }
    ]
}
source 
"https://github.com/ossf/malicious-packages/blob/main/osv/malicious/rubygems/coinmarket-utils/MAL-2026-17590.json"