OESA-2025-2407

The Linux Kernel, the operating system core itself.

Security Fix(es):

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: dsa: Avoid cross-chip syncing of VLAN filtering

Changes to VLAN filtering are not applicable to cross-chip notifications.

On a system like this:

.-----. .-----. .-----. | sw1 +---+ sw2 +---+ sw3 | '-1-2-' '-1-2-' '-1-2-'

Before this change, upon sw1p1 leaving a bridge, a call to dsa_port_vlan_filtering would also be made to sw2p1 and sw3p1.

In this scenario:

.---------. .-----. .-----. | sw1 +---+ sw2 +---+ sw3 | '-1-2-3-4-' '-1-2-' '-1-2-'

When sw1p4 would leave a bridge, dsa_port_vlan_filtering would be called for sw2 and sw3 with a non-existing port - leading to array out-of-bounds accesses and crashes on mv88e6xxx.(CVE-2022-49234)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: target: iscsi: Fix a race condition between login_work and the login thread

In case a malicious initiator sends some random data immediately after a login PDU; the iscsi_target_sk_data_ready() callback will schedule the login_work and, at the same time, the negotiation may end without clearing the LOGIN_FLAGS_INITIAL_PDU flag (because no additional PDU exchanges are required to complete the login).

The login has been completed but the login_work function will find the LOGIN_FLAGS_INITIAL_PDU flag set and will never stop from rescheduling itself; at this point, if the initiator drops the connection, the iscsit_conn structure will be freed, login_work will dereference a released socket structure and the kernel crashes.

BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000230 PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page Workqueue: events iscsi_target_do_login_rx [iscsi_target_mod] RIP: 0010:_raw_read_lock_bh+0x15/0x30 Call trace: iscsi_target_do_login_rx+0x75/0x3f0 [iscsi_target_mod] process_one_work+0x1e8/0x3c0

Fix this bug by forcing login_work to stop after the login has been completed and the socket callbacks have been restored.

Add a comment to clearify the return values of iscsi_target_do_login()(CVE-2022-50350)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fbdev: fbcon: release buffer when fbcon_do_set_font() failed

syzbot is reporting memory leak at fbcon_do_set_font() [1], for commit a5a923038d70 ("fbdev: fbcon: Properly revert changes when vc_resize() failed") missed that the buffer might be newly allocated by fbcon_set_font().(CVE-2022-50404)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

udf: Fix uninitialized array access for some pathnames

For filenames that begin with . and are between 2 and 5 characters long, UDF charset conversion code would read uninitialized memory in the output buffer. The only practical impact is that the name may be prepended a "unification hash" when it is not actually needed but still it is good to fix this.(CVE-2023-53165)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nfsd: call op_release, even when op_func returns an error

For ops with "trivial" replies, nfsd4_encode_operation will shortcut most of the encoding work and skip to just marshalling up the status. One of the things it skips is calling op_release. This could cause a memory leak in the layoutget codepath if there is an error at an inopportune time.

Have the compound processing engine always call op_release, even when op_func sets an error in op->status. With this change, we also need nfsd4_block_get_device_info_scsi to set the gd_device pointer to NULL on error to avoid a double free.(CVE-2023-53241)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

VMCI: check context->notify_page after call to get_user_pages_fast() to avoid GPF

The call to get_user_pages_fast() in vmci_host_setup_notify() can return NULL context->notify_page causing a GPF. To avoid GPF check if context->notify_page == NULL and return error if so.

general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xe0009d1000000060: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI KASAN: maybe wild-memory-access in range [0x0005088000000300- 0x0005088000000307] CPU: 2 PID: 26180 Comm: repro_34802241 Not tainted 6.1.0-rc4 #1 Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 1.15.0-2.module+el8.6.0 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:vmci_ctx_check_signal_notify+0x91/0xe0 Call Trace: <TASK> vmci_host_unlocked_ioctl+0x362/0x1f40 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x1a1/0x230 do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x90 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd(CVE-2023-53259)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ALSA: hda: fix a possible null-pointer dereference due to data race in snd_hdac_regmap_sync()

The variable codec->regmap is often protected by the lock codec->regmap_lock when is accessed. However, it is accessed without holding the lock when is accessed in snd_hdac_regmap_sync():

if (codec->regmap)

In my opinion, this may be a harmful race, because if codec->regmap is set to NULL right after the condition is checked, a null-pointer dereference can occur in the called function regcache_sync():

map->lock(map->lock_arg); --> Line 360 in drivers/base/regmap/regcache.c

To fix this possible null-pointer dereference caused by data race, the mutex_lock coverage is extended to protect the if statement as well as the function call to regcache_sync().

Note: the lack of the regmap_lock itself is harmless for the current codec driver implementations, as snd_hdac_regmap_sync() is only for PM runtime resume that is prohibited during the codec probe. But the change makes the whole code more consistent, so it's merged as is -- tiwai

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/mlx5: Return the firmware result upon destroying QP/RQ

Previously when destroying a QP/RQ, the result of the firmware destruction function was ignored and upper layers weren't informed about the failure. Which in turn could lead to various problems since when upper layer isn't aware of the failure it continues its operation thinking that the related QP/RQ was successfully destroyed while it actually wasn't, which could lead to the below kernel WARN.

Currently, we return the correct firmware destruction status to upper layers which in case of the RQ would be mlx5_ib_destroy_wq() which was already capable of handling RQ destruction failure or in case of a QP to destroy_qp_common(), which now would actually warn upon qp destruction failure.

WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 995 at drivers/infiniband/core/rdma_core.c:940 uverbs_destroy_ufile_hw+0xcb/0xe0 [ib_uverbs] Modules linked in: xt_conntrack xt_MASQUERADE nf_conntrack_netlink nfnetlink xt_addrtype iptable_nat nf_nat br_netfilter rpcrdma rdma_ucm ib_iser libiscsi scsi_transport_iscsi rdma_cm ib_umad ib_ipoib iw_cm ib_cm mlx5_ib ib_uverbs ib_core overlay mlx5_core fuse CPU: 3 PID: 995 Comm: python3 Not tainted 5.16.0-rc5+ #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:uverbs_destroy_ufile_hw+0xcb/0xe0 [ib_uverbs] Code: 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e e9 44 34 f0 e0 48 89 df e8 4c 77 ff ff 49 8b 86 10 01 00 00 48 85 c0 74 a1 4c 89 e7 ff d0 eb 9a 0f 0b eb c1 <0f> 0b be 04 00 00 00 48 89 df e8 b6 f6 ff ff e9 75 ff ff ff 90 0f RSP: 0018:ffff8881533e3e78 EFLAGS: 00010287 RAX: ffff88811b2cf3e0 RBX: ffff888106209700 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: ffff888106209780 RSI: ffff8881533e3d30 RDI: ffff888109b101a0 RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: ffff888127cb381c R09: 0de9890000000009 R10: ffff888127cb3800 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff888106209780 R13: ffff888106209750 R14: ffff888100f20660 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 00007f8be353b740(0000) GS:ffff88852c980000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f8bd5b117c0 CR3: 000000012cd8a004 CR4: 0000000000370ea0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> ib_uverbs_close+0x1a/0x90 [ib_uverbs] __fput+0x82/0x230 task_work_run+0x59/0x90 exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x138/0x140 syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x1d/0x50 ? __x64_sys_close+0xe/0x40 do_syscall_64+0x4a/0x90 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae RIP: 0033:0x7f8be3ae0abb Code: 03 00 00 00 0f 05 48 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 41 c3 48 83 ec 18 89 7c 24 0c e8 83 43 f9 ff 8b 7c 24 0c 41 89 c0 b8 03 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 35 44 89 c7 89 44 24 0c e8 c1 43 f9 ff 8b 44 RSP: 002b:00007ffdb51909c0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000003 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000557bb7f7c020 RCX: 00007f8be3ae0abb RDX: 0000557bb7c74010 RSI: 0000557bb7f14ca0 RDI: 0000000000000005 RBP: 0000557bb7fbd598 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000557bb7fbd5b8 R13: 0000557bb7fbd5a8 R14: 0000000000001000 R15: 0000557bb7f7c020 </TASK>(CVE-2023-53286)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

pstore/ram: Check start of empty przs during init

After commit 30696378f68a ("pstore/ram: Do not treat empty buffers as valid"), initialization would assume a prz was valid after seeing that the buffer_size is zero (regardless of the buffer start position). This unchecked start value means it could be outside the bounds of the buffer, leading to future access panics when written to:

sysdump_panic_event+0x3b4/0x5b8 atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x54/0x90 panic+0x1c8/0x42c die+0x29c/0x2a8 die_kernel_fault+0x68/0x78 __do_kernel_fault+0x1c4/0x1e0 do_bad_area+0x40/0x100 do_translation_fault+0x68/0x80 do_mem_abort+0x68/0xf8 el1_da+0x1c/0xc0 __raw_writeb+0x38/0x174 __memcpy_toio+0x40/0xac persistent_ram_update+0x44/0x12c persistent_ram_write+0x1a8/0x1b8 ramoops_pstore_write+0x198/0x1e8 pstore_console_write+0x94/0xe0 ...

To avoid this, also check if the prz start is 0 during the initialization phase. If not, the next prz sanity check case will discover it (start > size) and zap the buffer back to a sane state.

kees: update commit log with backtrace and clarifications

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: dcb: choose correct policy to parse DCB_ATTR_BCN

The dcbnl_bcn_setcfg uses erroneous policy to parse tb[DCB_ATTR_BCN], which is introduced in commit 859ee3c43812 ("DCB: Add support for DCB BCN"). Please see the comment in below code

static int dcbnl_bcn_setcfg(...) { ... ret = nla_parse_nested_deprecated(..., dcbnl_pfc_up_nest, .. ) // !!! dcbnl_pfc_up_nest for attributes // DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_0 to DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_ALL in enum dcbnl_pfc_up_attrs ... for (i = DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_0; i <= DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_7; i++) { // !!! DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_0 to DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_7 in enum dcbnl_bcn_attrs ... value_byte = nla_get_u8(data[i]); ... } ... for (i = DCB_BCN_ATTR_BCNA_0; i <= DCB_BCN_ATTR_RI; i++) { // !!! DCB_BCN_ATTR_BCNA_0 to DCB_BCN_ATTR_RI in enum dcbnl_bcn_attrs ... value_int = nla_get_u32(data[i]); ... } ... }

That is, the nla_parse_nested_deprecated uses dcbnl_pfc_up_nest attributes to parse nlattr defined in dcbnl_pfc_up_attrs. But the following access code fetch each nlattr as dcbnl_bcn_attrs attributes. By looking up the associated nla_policy for dcbnl_bcn_attrs. We can find the beginning part of these two policies are "same".

static const struct nla_policy dcbnl_pfc_up_nest[...] = { [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_0] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_1] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_2] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_3] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_4] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_5] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_6] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_7] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_PFC_UP_ATTR_ALL] = {.type = NLA_FLAG}, };

static const struct nla_policy dcbnl_bcn_nest[...] = { [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_0] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_1] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_2] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_3] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_4] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_5] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_6] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_7] = {.type = NLA_U8}, [DCB_BCN_ATTR_RP_ALL] = {.type = NLA_FLAG}, // from here is somewhat different [DCB_BCN_ATTR_BCNA_0] = {.type = NLA_U32}, ... [DCB_BCN_ATTR_ALL] = {.type = NLA_FLAG}, };

Therefore, the current code is buggy and this nla_parse_nested_deprecated could overflow the dcbnl_pfc_up_nest and use the adjacent nla_policy to parse attributes from DCB_BCN_ATTR_BCNA_0.

Hence use the correct policy dcbnl_bcn_nest to parse the nested tb[DCB_ATTR_BCN] TLV.(CVE-2023-53369)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: mwifiex: avoid possible NULL skb pointer dereference

In 'mwifiex_handle_uap_rx_forward()', always check the value returned by 'skb_copy()' to avoid potential NULL pointer dereference in 'mwifiex_uap_queue_bridged_pkt()', and drop original skb in case of copying failure.

Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.(CVE-2023-53384)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ACPICA: Add AML_NO_OPERAND_RESOLVE flag to Timer

ACPICA commit 90310989a0790032f5a0140741ff09b545af4bc5

According to the ACPI specification 19.6.134, no argument is required to be passed for ASL Timer instruction. For taking care of no argument, AML_NO_OPERAND_RESOLVE flag is added to ASL Timer instruction opcode.

When ASL timer instruction interpreted by ACPI interpreter, getting error. After adding AML_NO_OPERAND_RESOLVE flag to ASL Timer instruction opcode, issue is not observed.

============================================================= UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in acpica/dswexec.c:401:12 index -1 is out of range for type 'union acpi_operand_object *[9]' CPU: 37 PID: 1678 Comm: cat Not tainted 6.0.0-dev-th500-6.0.y-1+bcf8c46459e407-generic-64k HW name: NVIDIA BIOS v1.1.1-d7acbfc-dirty 12/19/2022 Call trace: dump_backtrace+0xe0/0x130 show_stack+0x20/0x60 dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0x84 dump_stack+0x18/0x34 ubsan_epilogue+0x10/0x50 __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x80/0x90 acpi_ds_exec_end_op+0x1bc/0x6d8 acpi_ps_parse_loop+0x57c/0x618 acpi_ps_parse_aml+0x1e0/0x4b4 acpi_ps_execute_method+0x24c/0x2b8 acpi_ns_evaluate+0x3a8/0x4bc acpi_evaluate_object+0x15c/0x37c acpi_evaluate_integer+0x54/0x15c show_power+0x8c/0x12c acpi_power_meter

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

x86/MCE: Always save CS register on AMD Zen IF Poison errors

The Instruction Fetch (IF) units on current AMD Zen-based systems do not guarantee a synchronous #MC is delivered for poison consumption errors. Therefore, MCG_STATUS[EIPV|RIPV] will not be set. However, the microarchitecture does guarantee that the exception is delivered within the same context. In other words, the exact rIP is not known, but the context is known to not have changed.

There is no architecturally-defined method to determine this behavior.

The Code Segment (CS) register is always valid on such IF unit poison errors regardless of the value of MCG_STATUS[EIPV|RIPV].

Add a quirk to save the CS register for poison consumption from the IF unit banks.

This is needed to properly determine the context of the error. Otherwise, the severity grading function will assume the context is IN_KERNEL due to the m->cs value being 0 (the initialized value). This leads to unnecessary kernel panics on data poison errors due to the kernel believing the poison consumption occurred in kernel context.(CVE-2023-53438)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: ravb: Fix missing rtnl lock in suspend/resume path

Fix the suspend/resume path by ensuring the rtnl lock is held where required. Calls to ravb_open, ravb_close and wol operations must be performed under the rtnl lock to prevent conflicts with ongoing ndo operations.

Without this fix, the following warning is triggered: [ 39.032969] ============================= [ 39.032983] WARNING: suspicious RCU usage [ 39.033019] ----------------------------- [ 39.033033] drivers/net/phy/phy_device.c:2004 suspicious rcu_dereference_protected() usage! ... [ 39.033597] stack backtrace: [ 39.033613] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 174 Comm: python3 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-next-20250116-arm64-renesas-00002-g35245dfdc62c #7 [ 39.033623] Hardware name: Renesas SMARC EVK version 2 based on r9a08g045s33 (DT) [ 39.033628] Call trace: [ 39.033633] show_stack+0x14/0x1c (C) [ 39.033652] dump_stack_lvl+0xb4/0xc4 [ 39.033664] dump_stack+0x14/0x1c [ 39.033671] lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x16c/0x22c [ 39.033682] phy_detach+0x160/0x190 [ 39.033694] phy_disconnect+0x40/0x54 [ 39.033703] ravb_close+0x6c/0x1cc [ 39.033714] ravb_suspend+0x48/0x120 [ 39.033721] dpm_run_callback+0x4c/0x14c [ 39.033731] device_suspend+0x11c/0x4dc [ 39.033740] dpm_suspend+0xdc/0x214 [ 39.033748] dpm_suspend_start+0x48/0x60 [ 39.033758] suspend_devices_and_enter+0x124/0x574 [ 39.033769] pm_suspend+0x1ac/0x274 [ 39.033778] state_store+0x88/0x124 [ 39.033788] kobj_attr_store+0x14/0x24 [ 39.033798] sysfs_kf_write+0x48/0x6c [ 39.033808] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x118/0x1a8 [ 39.033817] vfs_write+0x27c/0x378 [ 39.033825] ksys_write+0x64/0xf4 [ 39.033833] __arm64_sys_write+0x18/0x20 [ 39.033841] invoke_syscall+0x44/0x104 [ 39.033852] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xb4/0xd4 [ 39.033862] do_el0_svc+0x18/0x20 [ 39.033870] el0_svc+0x3c/0xf0 [ 39.033880] el0t_64_sync_handler+0xc0/0xc4 [ 39.033888] el0t_64_sync+0x154/0x158 [ 39.041274] ravb 11c30000.ethernet eth0: Link is Down(CVE-2025-21801)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

spufs: fix a leak on spufs_new_file() failure

It's called from spufs_fill_dir(), and caller of that will do spufs_rmdir() in case of failure. That does remove everything we'd managed to create, but... the problem dentry is still negative. IOW, it needs to be explicitly dropped.(CVE-2025-22073)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: ch9200: fix uninitialised access during mii_nway_restart

In mii_nway_restart() the code attempts to call mii->mdio_read which is ch9200_mdio_read(). ch9200_mdio_read() utilises a local buffer called "buff", which is initialised with control_read(). However "buff" is conditionally initialised inside control_read():

    if (err == size) {
            memcpy(data, buf, size);
    }

If the condition of "err == size" is not met, then "buff" remains uninitialised. Once this happens the uninitialised "buff" is accessed and returned during ch9200_mdio_read():

    return (buff[0] | buff[1] << 8);

The problem stems from the fact that ch9200_mdio_read() ignores the return value of control_read(), leading to uinit-access of "buff".

To fix this we should check the return value of control_read() and return early on error.(CVE-2025-38086)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bus: fsl-mc: fix double-free on mc_dev

The blamed commit tried to simplify how the deallocations are done but, in the process, introduced a double-free on the mc_dev variable.

In case the MC device is a DPRC, a new mc_bus is allocated and the mc_dev variable is just a reference to one of its fields. In this circumstance, on the error path only the mc_bus should be freed.

This commit introduces back the following checkpatch warning which is a false-positive.

WARNING: kfree(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required

•   if (mc_bus)
  

•           kfree(mc_bus);(CVE-2025-38313)
  

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fs/ntfs3: cancle set bad inode after removing name fails

The reproducer uses a file0 on a ntfs3 file system with a corrupted i_link. When renaming, the file0's inode is marked as a bad inode because the file name cannot be deleted.

The underlying bug is that make_bad_inode() is called on a live inode. In some cases it's "icache lookup finds a normal inode, d_splice_alias() is called to attach it to dentry, while another thread decides to call make_bad_inode() on it - that would evict it from icache, but we'd already found it there earlier". In some it's outright "we have an inode attached to dentry - that's how we got it in the first place; let's call make_bad_inode() on it just for shits and giggles".(CVE-2025-38615)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ARM: rockchip: fix kernel hang during smp initialization

In order to bring up secondary CPUs main CPU write trampoline code to SRAM. The trampoline code is written while secondary CPUs are powered on (at least that true for RK3188 CPU). Sometimes that leads to kernel hang. Probably because secondary CPU execute trampoline code while kernel doesn't expect.

The patch moves SRAM initialization step to the point where all secondary CPUs are powered down.

That fixes rarely hangs on RK3188: [ 0.091568] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000 [ 0.091996] rockchip_smp_prepare_cpus: ncores 4(CVE-2025-39752)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tee: fix NULL pointer dereference in tee_shm_put

tee_shm_put have NULL pointer dereference:

__optee_disable_shm_cache --> shm = reg_pair_to_ptr(...);//shm maybe return NULL tee_shm_free(shm); --> tee_shm_put(shm);//crash

Add check in tee_shm_put to fix it.

panic log: Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0000000000100cca Mem abort info: ESR = 0x0000000096000004 EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits SET = 0, FnV = 0 EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault Data abort info: ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000 CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0 GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0 user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=0000002049d07000 [0000000000100cca] pgd=0000000000000000, p4d=0000000000000000 Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP CPU: 2 PID: 14442 Comm: systemd-sleep Tainted: P OE ------- ---- 6.6.0-39-generic #38 Source Version: 938b255f6cb8817c95b0dd5c8c2944acfce94b07 Hardware name: greatwall GW-001Y1A-FTH, BIOS Great Wall BIOS V3.0 10/26/2022 pstate: 80000005 (Nzcv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : tee_shm_put+0x24/0x188 lr : tee_shm_free+0x14/0x28 sp : ffff001f98f9faf0 x29: ffff001f98f9faf0 x28: ffff0020df543cc0 x27: 0000000000000000 x26: ffff001f811344a0 x25: ffff8000818dac00 x24: ffff800082d8d048 x23: ffff001f850fcd18 x22: 0000000000000001 x21: ffff001f98f9fb88 x20: ffff001f83e76218 x19: ffff001f83e761e0 x18: 000000000000ffff x17: 303a30303a303030 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000000000000003 x14: 0000000000000001 x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0101010101010101 x11: 0000000000000001 x10: 0000000000000001 x9 : ffff800080e08d0c x8 : ffff001f98f9fb88 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000 x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : ffff001f83e761e0 x1 : 00000000ffff001f x0 : 0000000000100cca Call trace: tee_shm_put+0x24/0x188 tee_shm_free+0x14/0x28 __optee_disable_shm_cache+0xa8/0x108 optee_shutdown+0x28/0x38 platform_shutdown+0x28/0x40 device_shutdown+0x144/0x2b0 kernel_power_off+0x3c/0x80 hibernate+0x35c/0x388 state_store+0x64/0x80 kobj_attr_store+0x14/0x28 sysfs_kf_write+0x48/0x60 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x128/0x1c0 vfs_write+0x270/0x370 ksys_write+0x6c/0x100 __arm64_sys_write+0x20/0x30 invoke_syscall+0x4c/0x120 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x44/0xf0 do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38 el0_svc+0x24/0x88 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x134/0x150 el0t_64_sync+0x14c/0x15(CVE-2025-39865)

In the Linux kernel, a use-after-free vulnerability exists in the __mark_inode_dirty() function. The issue occurs when __mark_inode_dirty() obtains a bdi_writeback that is in the process of switching. This is a race condition vulnerability between inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() and ___mark_inode_dirty(), causing the old writeback structure to be accessed after it has been released, triggering a use-after-free vulnerability.(CVE-2025-39866)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/memory-failure: fix VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PagePoisoned(page)) when unpoison memory

When I did memory failure tests, below panic occurs:

page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PagePoisoned(page)) kernel BUG at include/linux/page-flags.h:616! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI CPU: 3 PID: 720 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.10.0-rc1-00195-g148743902568 #40 RIP: 0010:unpoison_memory+0x2f3/0x590 RSP: 0018:ffffa57fc8787d60 EFLAGS: 00000246 RAX: 0000000000000037 RBX: 0000000000000009 RCX: ffff9be25fcdc9c8 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000027 RDI: ffff9be25fcdc9c0 RBP: 0000000000300000 R08: ffffffffb4956f88 R09: 0000000000009ffb R10: 0000000000000284 R11: ffffffffb4926fa0 R12: ffffe6b00c000000 R13: ffff9bdb453dfd00 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: fffffffffffffffe FS: 00007f08f04e4740(0000) GS:ffff9be25fcc0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000564787a30410 CR3: 000000010d4e2000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 Call Trace: <TASK> unpoison_memory+0x2f3/0x590 simple_attr_write_xsigned.constprop.0.isra.0+0xb3/0x110 debugfs_attr_write+0x42/0x60 full_proxy_write+0x5b/0x80 vfs_write+0xd5/0x540 ksys_write+0x64/0xe0 do_syscall_64+0xb9/0x1d0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f08f0314887 RSP: 002b:00007ffece710078 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000009 RCX: 00007f08f0314887 RDX: 0000000000000009 RSI: 0000564787a30410 RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000564787a30410 R08: 000000000000fefe R09: 000000007fffffff R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000009 R13: 00007f08f041b780 R14: 00007f08f0417600 R15: 00007f08f0416a00 </TASK> Modules linked in: hwpoison_inject ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- RIP: 0010:unpoison_memory+0x2f3/0x590 RSP: 0018:ffffa57fc8787d60 EFLAGS: 00000246 RAX: 0000000000000037 RBX: 0000000000000009 RCX: ffff9be25fcdc9c8 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000027 RDI: ffff9be25fcdc9c0 RBP: 0000000000300000 R08: ffffffffb4956f88 R09: 0000000000009ffb R10: 0000000000000284 R11: ffffffffb4926fa0 R12: ffffe6b00c000000 R13: ffff9bdb453dfd00 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: fffffffffffffffe FS: 00007f08f04e4740(0000) GS:ffff9be25fcc0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000564787a30410 CR3: 000000010d4e2000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Kernel Offset: 0x31c00000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff) ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception ]---

The root cause is that unpoison_memory() tries to check the PG_HWPoison flags of an uninitialized page. So VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PagePoisoned(page)) is triggered. This can be reproduced by below steps:

1.Offline memory block:

echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory12/state

2.Get offlined memory pfn:

page-types -b n -rlN

3.Write pfn to unpoison-pfn

echo <pfn> > /sys/kernel/debug/hwpoison/unpoison-pfn

This scenario can be identified by pfn_to_online_page() returning NULL. And ZONE_DEVICE pages are never expected, so we can simply fail if pfn_to_online_page() == NULL to fix the bug.(CVE-2025-39883)