CVE-2025-71183
- Source
- https://cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71183
- Import Source
- https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2025-71183.json
- JSON Data
- https://api.osv.dev/v1/vulns/CVE-2025-71183
- Downstream
- Published
- 2026-01-31T11:38:56.067Z
- Modified
- 2026-02-09T19:34:33.470328Z
- Summary
- btrfs: always detect conflicting inodes when logging inode refs
- Details
-
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: always detect conflicting inodes when logging inode refs
After rename exchanging (either with the rename exchange operation or regular renames in multiple non-atomic steps) two inodes and at least one of them is a directory, we can end up with a log tree that contains only of the inodes and after a power failure that can result in an attempt to delete the other inode when it should not because it was not deleted before the power failure. In some case that delete attempt fails when the target inode is a directory that contains a subvolume inside it, since the log replay code is not prepared to deal with directory entries that point to root items (only inode items).
1) We have directories "dir1" (inode A) and "dir2" (inode B) under the same parent directory;
2) We have a file (inode C) under directory "dir1" (inode A);
3) We have a subvolume inside directory "dir2" (inode B);
4) All these inodes were persisted in a past transaction and we are currently at transaction N;
5) We rename the file (inode C), so at btrfslognewname() we update inode C's lastunlink_trans to N;
6) We get a rename exchange for "dir1" (inode A) and "dir2" (inode B), so after the exchange "dir1" is inode B and "dir2" is inode A. During the rename exchange we call btrfslognewname() for inodes A and B, but because they are directories, we don't update their lastunlink_trans to N;
7) An fsync against the file (inode C) is done, and because its inode has a lastunlinktrans with a value of N we log its parent directory (inode A) (through btrfslogallparents(), called from btrfsloginodeparent()).
8) So we end up with inode B not logged, which now has the old name of inode A. At copyinodeitemstolog(), when logging inode A, we did not check if we had any conflicting inode to log because inode A has a generation lower than the current transaction (created in a past transaction);
9) After a power failure, when replaying the log tree, since we find that inode A has a new name that conflicts with the name of inode B in the fs tree, we attempt to delete inode B... this is wrong since that directory was never deleted before the power failure, and because there is a subvolume inside that directory, attempting to delete it will fail since replaydirdeletes() and btrfsunlinkinode() are not prepared to deal with dir items that point to roots instead of inodes.
When that happens the mount fails and we get a stack trace like the following:
[87.2314] BTRFS info (device dm-0): start tree-log replay [87.2318] BTRFS critical (device dm-0): failed to delete reference to subvol, root 5 inode 256 parent 259 [87.2332] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [87.2338] BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -2) [87.2346] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 638968 at fs/btrfs/inode.c:4345 btrfsunlinkinode+0x416/0x440 [btrfs] [87.2368] Modules linked in: btrfs loop dmthinpool (...) [87.2470] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 638968 Comm: mount Tainted: G W 6.18.0-rc7-btrfs-next-218+ #2 PREEMPT(full) [87.2489] Tainted: [W]=WARN [87.2494] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.2-0-gea1b7a073390-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [87.2514] RIP: 0010:btrfsunlinkinode+0x416/0x440 [btrfs] [87.2538] Code: c0 89 04 24 (...) [87.2568] RSP: 0018:ffffc0e741f4b9b8 EFLAGS: 00010286 [87.2574] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff9d3ec8a6cf60 RCX: 0000000000000000 [87.2582] RDX: 0000000000000002 RSI: ffffffff84ab45a1 RDI: 00000000ffffffff [87.2591] RBP: ffff9d3ec8a6ef20 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffc0e741f4b840 [87.2599] R10: ffff9d45dc1fffa8 R11: 0000000000000003 R12: ffff9d3ee26d77e0 [87.2608] R13: ffffc0e741f4ba98 R14: ffff9d4458040800 R15: ffff9d44b6b7ca10 [87.2618] FS: 00007f7b9603a840(0000) GS:ffff9d4658982000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [87. ---truncated---
- Database specific
{ "cna_assigner": "Linux", "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/71xxx/CVE-2025-71183.json" }- References
-
- https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c2413c69129f6ce60157f7b53d9ba880260400b
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ba0b6461bc4edb3005ea6e00cdae189bcf908a5
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a63998cd6687c14b160dccb0bbcf281b2eb0dab3
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c7f0207db68d5a1b4af23acbef1a8e8ddc431ebb
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d52af58dd463821c5c516aebb031a58934f696ea
- https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/71xxx/CVE-2025-71183.json
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71183
Affected packages
Git / git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Affected ranges
- Type
- GIT
- Repo
- https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
- Events
-
Introduced56f23fdbb600e6087db7b009775b95ce07cc3195Fixedc7f0207db68d5a1b4af23acbef1a8e8ddc431ebbFixeda63998cd6687c14b160dccb0bbcf281b2eb0dab3Fixed0c2413c69129f6ce60157f7b53d9ba880260400bFixedd52af58dd463821c5c516aebb031a58934f696eaFixed7ba0b6461bc4edb3005ea6e00cdae189bcf908a5
- Type
- GIT
- Repo
- https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
- Events
-
Introduced0 Unknown introduced commit / All previous commits are affectedLast affected048605483fbdd1e77ead32a7cd7b95cc17eaaf0eLast affected033ad030df0ea932a21499582fea59e1df95769bLast affected1653a3b0e9436c10eb307c318776cf91fe18ff08Last affectedff440e9185e96cbb94481fc8b6192b944dcfc061